Unit 1 Semiconductor diodes
1.1. Introduction
1.2 Revision of semiconductor physics
1.3 P.N junction diode
1.4 Formation of Depletion Layer and Barrier Potential
1.5 Applying voltage across P –N junction
1.6 I-V Characteristics of p-n junction diode
1.7 Junction breakdown
1.8 Limitations in the operating conditions of P-N junction
1.9 Static and Dynamic resistance of P – N junction diode
1.10 Diode Equation
1.11 Zener diode
1.12 Light emitting diode (LED)
1.13 Photo diode
1.14 Solar cell

Unit 2 Rectifiers and Power Supplies
2.0 Introduction to rectifiers
2.1 Half wave rectifier
2.2 Full wave rectifier
2.3 Full wave bridge rectifier
2.4 Ripple Factor – (r)
2.5 Filters
2.6 D.C. Power Supply (Regulated and Unregulated)- 2.6.1 Introduction 2.6.2 Block diagram of unregulated and regulated Power Supply 2.6.3 Limitations of unregulated Power Supply 2.6.4 Need of regulated power supply 2.6.5 Concept of voltage regulation
2.7 Zener diode as voltage regulator

Unit 3 Bipolar junction transistor
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Basic construction of bipolar transistors (NPN and PNP)
3.3 Transistor biasing
3.4 Origin of name of transistor
3.5 Operation of n – p – n transistor
3.6 Transistor configurations (or connections)
3.7 Transistor static characteristics
3.8 Transistor load line analysis

Unit 4 Digital Electronics
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Decimal number system
4.3 Binary number system
4.4 Binary Arithmetic:
4.5 1’s and 2’s Complement of binary number
4.6 Subtraction using 1’s compliment and 2’s compliment
4.7 Concept of positive and negative logic
4.8 Introduction to logic gates
4.9. Basic Adders and Subtractors:
4.10 Demorgan’s Theorems:
4.11 NAND and NOR realization of logic gates
4.12 Simplification of logical expressions (functions)
4.13 Boolean Algebra
4.14 Basic laws of Boolean Algebra
4.15 Boolean algebraic theorems
4.16 Simplification of different Boolean equations
4.17 Representation of logical function
4.18 Karnaugh map (K-map)
4.19 Design examples using Karnaugh-maps