UNIT 1………………………………………………… 7
General Account
1.1 Introduction, scope and importance of Biofertilizers.
1.2 Manures and Biofertilizers: Types of fertilizers, manures, manure
composition, manure for crop productivity.
1.3 Difference between Chemical fertilizers and Biofertilizers.
1.4 General accounts on the microbes used as a Biofertilizers.
UNIT 2…………………………………………. 24
Bacterial Fertilizers
2.1 Azospirillum: isolation and mass multiplication, carrier-based
inoculant, applications.
2.2 Azotobactor: Classification, characteristics, crop response, to
Azotobactor inoculum, maintenance, mass multiplication
2.3 Rhizobium: isolation and mass multiplication, applications.
UNIT 3…………………………………………. 38
Algal Biofertilizers
3.1 Types of Algal Biofertilizers: BGA-Cyanobacteria, Azolla,
isolation and mass multiplication of cyanobacteria and Azolla.
3.2 Applications of Algal Biofertilizers
3.3 Biological Nitrogen Fixation.
UNIT 4………………………………………………………. 56
Fungal Biofertilizers
4.1 Mycorrhizal Association, types of mycorrhizal association,
occurrence and distribution, growth and yield.
4.2 Colonization of VAM (Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza)
4.3 Application of mycorrhiza in agriculture. UNIT 5…………………………………………………. 67
Organic Farming
5.1 Green manuring and organic fertilizers
5.2 Recycling of biodegradable agricultural and industrial waste
5.3 Bio compost making methods: Farm Yard, Green leaf Compost.
GLOSSARY………………………………………………….. 82
REFERENCES…………………………………………………. 86