The first part of the book focuses on the world of topographical maps, commonly known as toposheets. It begins with an introduction to the concept, purpose, and structure of toposheets, explaining how they are created and how they help represent the physical and cultural landscape of a region. All-important Survey of India (SOI) map series are discussed, giving learners an understanding of map numbering, scale, grid reference systems, and the evolution of toposheet formats. signs and symbols provide detailed explanations of conventional symbols used to depict natural features such as hills, rivers, forests, and valleys as well as human-made features like roads, settlements, boundaries, and irrigation structures.
Another chapter explains contours and contour patterns, which are crucial for understanding landforms. Students learn about the characteristics of contours, spacing, index contours, and typical patterns that represent hills, ridges, valleys, spurs, cliffs, and other relief features. The section on profiles and cross-sections teaches methods for drawing elevation profiles, slope analysis, and interpreting vertical variations on the ground.
This is followed by a chapter on map interpretation, which guides students in analysing drainage systems, settlement patterns, transport networks, relief characteristics, land use, and economic activities. The topographical map part concludes with a complete interpretation of one selected topographical map, demonstrating how to combine all elements symbols, contours, profiles, and patterns to produce a meaningful geographical description.
The second part of the book covers fundamental surveying methods, starting with plane table surveying. This chapter introduces the instrument, its components, advantages, limitations, and various methods such as radiation, intersection, resection, and traversing. Clear diagrams and step-by-step procedures make the concepts easy to follow during fieldwork.
Another important chapter is devoted to GPS surveying, reflecting modern trends in geospatial data collection. It discusses the basic principles of the Global Positioning System, types of GPS receivers, key components such as satellites and control segments, and the working process of locating positions on Earth. The chapter also includes simple examples and exercises that illustrate how GPS can be used to record waypoints, measure distances, and map features with accuracy. Overall, Practical in Topographical Map and Surveying serves as an essential guide for beginners, supporting classroom teaching as well as outdoor practical sessions. The book ensures that learners gain the confidence to read maps, carry out surveys, and understand the physical landscape with clarity.