The section on air microbiology introduces the normal flora of air and transient flora, with detailed coverage of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa commonly present in the atmosphere. Emphasis is placed on their sources, modes of dispersal, survival strategies, and environmental significance. Important topics such as airborne infections, air sampling methods, and control measures and mitigation strategies are discussed to bridge theoretical knowledge with real-world public health applications.
The water microbiology section comprehensively enlists the types of microorganisms found in water, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, algae, and fungi. It elaborates on waterborne diseases, water quality and microbial contaminants, and their impact on human and environmental health. Special attention is given to new advances in water quality monitoring, regulatory standards for water quality, and modern water purification processes to provide students with updated and relevant scientific insights.