1. Geometrical Optics ......................................7
1.1 ‘Existence of light’ at a glance
1.2 Introduction to lenses and sign convention
1.3 Thin Lenses
1.3.1 Lens equation for a convex lens
1.3.2 Lens Maker Equation
1.3.3 Magnification of thin lens
1.3.4 Deviation produced by a thin lens
1.3.5 Power of thin lens
1.4 Equivalent focal length of two thin lenses
1.5 Cardinal points
1.5.1 Cardinal points for a thick lens
1.5.2 Cardinal points of a system of co-axial system
1.6 Aberrations : An Introduction
1.7 Monochromatic Aberration and its types
1.7.1 Coma
1.7.2 Astigmation
1.8 Chromatic Aberration and its types
1.8.1 Axial Chromatic Aberration
1.8.2 Lateral Chromatic Aberration
1.9 Applications of lenses in daily life
Numerical Problems

2. Interference and Diffraction ............................39
(A) Interference
2.1 Introduction to Interference
2.2 Phase change on reflection. (Stokes treatment)
2.3 Optical Path
2.4 Interference due to wedge shaped thin film
2.5 Applications of Interference : Newton’s ring
(B) Diffraction
2.6 Introduction to Fresnel’s and Fraunhoffer’s diffraction
2.7 Fraunhoffer’s diffraction at single slit,
2.8 Rayleigh criterion for resolution
2.9 Applications of Diffraction: Security holograms, medical imaging, etc.
Numerical Problems

3. Polarization and Optical Instruments...................69
3.1 Introduction to polarization
3.2 Brewster’s law
3.3 Law of Malus
3.4 Polarization by double refraction
3.5 Nicol Prism
3.6 Microscope : Simple and Compound Microscope
3.7 Eye piece : Ramsden’s and Huygens’s eye piece
Numerical Problems