Unit 1………………………………………………………………………………………….7
Introduction to Pest
1.1 Definition of pest
1.2 Classification of pest w.r.t. Systematic position, Marks of identification,
Life cycle, Nature of damage and Control measures.
1.2.1 Agricultural pests : a) Pest of Cotton – Dysdercus cingulatus,
b) Pest of Banana – Odoiporus longicollis, c) Pest of Vegetable
(Brinjal) – Leucinodes or bonalis guenee, d) Pest of Sugarcane –
Pyrilla perpusilla, e) Pest of Onion – Thrips tabaci
1.2.2 Stored grain pest – Sitophilu soryzae
1.2.3 Veterinary pest – Flea
1.2.4 Public health pest – Cimex
1.2.5 Structural pest – Odontotermes obesus.
Unit 2………………………………………………………………………………………..18
Study of Major pests of agricultural importance w.r.t. Marks of
identification, life cycle, nature of damage and control measures
2.1 Red cotton bug
2.2 Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer
2.3 Pyrilla
2.4 Non insect pests: Rat
Unit 3………………………………………………………………………………………..32
Control Measures
3.1 Primary control and their types.
3.2 Chemical control and their types.
3.3 Biological control; Parasite, Predators, Parasitoids.
3.4 Integrated Pest Management (IPM):
3.4.1 Principles and its components of IPM
3.4.2 Advantages and disadvantages of IPM

3.5 Types of Pesticides and Their Mode of Action:
3.5.1 Stomach poison
3.5.2 Contact poison
3.5.3 Systemic poison
3.5.4 Fumigants
3.5.5 Pesticide appliances: a) Sprayer and b) Duster
Unit 4………………………………………………………………………………………..67
Pest Management in Organic Farming
4.1 Principles of organic pest management.
4.2 Pest control strategies in organic agriculture – biopesticides, crop rotation, and companion planting
4.3 Challenges and benefits of organic pest control.
References…………………………………………………………………………………75