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The authors and publisher of this book have a great pleasure and satisfied to present this book, ZOO – 242 – MN : AMAZING WORLD OF INVERTEBRATES I (T) Semester...

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Amazing World of Invertebrates
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The authors and publisher of this book have a great pleasure and satisfied to present this book, ZOO – 242 – MN : AMAZING WORLD OF INVERTEBRATES I (T) Semester III for S.Y.B.Sc. Zoology students as one of the major subject. The book has been written as per the new revised syllabus B.Sc. Zoology Certificate, diploma, Major (03 years) / B.Sc. Honours in Zoology (04 years) for the Colleges Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune to be implemented from June 2025.

The main aim in writing this book is to provide basic information of the subject to cater the needs of the subject as per National Education Policy (NEP), 2020. We tried to explain the concepts and information in a simple lucid language so that students could understand it easily.

We feel that it’s not a new creation but presentation in simple form for the better understanding of students. The figures and photographs included in each chapter will help the students to grasp the subject matter. The authors are also thankful to Mr. Rangrao Patil and the staff of Prashant Publications, Jalgaon for taking keen interest in publishing this book. Valuable and constructive suggestions from the teachers and the students are solicited.

1. Introduction to Taxonomy……………………………………………………………… 7
1.1 Basic terminology and scope: Alpha, Beta, and Gamma taxonomy.
1.2 Introduction to systematics and its role in evolutionary biology.
1.3 Linnaean hierarchy and concept of taxonomic ranks.
1.4 Binomial nomenclature: rules and conventions.
1.5 Overview of five-kingdom classification.
2. Phylum Protozoa…………………………………………………………………………. 18
2.1 Introduction to Kingdom Protista and Phylum Protozoa.
2.2 General characters and classification (with e. g. – names only): Class
Rhizopoda – Entamoeba, Arcella, Class Mastigophora – Euglena,
Trypanosoma, Class Ciliata – Paramecium, Opalina, Class Sporozoa –
Plasmodium, Toxoplasma.
2.4 Protozoan locomotion: Pseudopodia, Flagella, and Cilia (with examples).
2.5 Paramecium caudatum – structure, feeding, excretion, and reproduction
– binary fission and conjugation.
2.6 Economic roles of Protozoa: Pathogenic: Plasmodium, Entamoeba.
Beneficial: Trichonympha.
3. Phylum Porifera………………………………………………………………………….. 55
3.1 General characters and classification (with e. g. – names only): Calcarea
– Leucosolenia, Sycon, Hexactinellida – Euplectella, Hyalonema,
Demospongiae – Spongilla, Chalina.
3.3 Types of canal systems: Asconoid, Syconoid, Leuconoid.
3.4 Sponge skeleton: spicules (microscres & megascleres) and spongin fibers.
3.5 Regeneration in sponges and their ecological importance.
4. Phylum Cnidaria ………………………………………………………………………… 74
4.1 General characters and classification (with e. g. – names only): Hydrozoa
– Hydra, Physalia, Scyphozoa – Aurelia, Leucernaria, Anthozoa –
Metridium.4.2 Polymorphism and colony organization in Hydrozoans.
4.3 Coral reefs: Formation, types and ecological significance.
5. Phylum Platyhelminthes………………………………………………………………. 86
5.1 General characters and classification (with e. g. – names only):
Turbellaria – Dugesia, Bipallium, Trematoda – Fasciola, Schistosoma,
Cestoda – Taenia, Echinococcus.
5.2 Adaptations of parasitic flatworms: Morphological and physiological.
5.3 Human and veterinary importance of flatworms.

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