Instrumentation

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We are very happy to hand over this text book of S.Y.B.Sc. PHY-202(B)- MJ : InstrumentationI to S.Y.B.Sc. students. This book has been presented to you according to the revised...

Name : Instrumentation
Vendor : Prashant Publication
Type : S.Y.B.Sc. Sem. III PHY-202(B)-MJ
Manufacturing : 2026 / 02 / 19
Barcode : 9978-81-990657-2-7

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INTERNATIONAL	XS	S	M	L	XL	XXL	XXXL
EUROPE	32	34	36	38	40	42	44
US	0	2	4	6	8	10	12
CHEST FIT (INCHES)	28"	30"	32"	34"	36"	38"	40"
CHEST FIT (CM)	716	76	81	86	91.5	96.5	101.1
WAIST FIR (INCHES)	21"	23"	25"	27"	29"	31"	33"
WAIST FIR (CM)	53.5	58.5	63.5	68.5	74	79	84
HIPS FIR (INCHES)	33"	34"	36"	38"	40"	42"	44"
HIPS FIR (CM)	81.5	86.5	91.5	96.5	101	106.5	111.5
SKORT LENGTHS (SM)	36.5	38	39.5	41	42.5	44	45.5

We are very happy to hand over this text book of S.Y.B.Sc. PHY-202(B)- MJ : InstrumentationI to S.Y.B.Sc. students. This book has been presented to you according to the revised syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University implemented from June 2025. An attempt is made to give more emphasis on essential modern concepts in physics. The concepts are illustrated and elaborated with necessary examples. Sufficient exercise is given at the end of each of each topic for the practice of the students.

We hope that the book will fulfil the expectations of the students and teachers. We hope that this book will cater the exact requirements. We are thankful to our vibrant publisher Shri Rangrao Patil and all staff of Prasant Publications for their efforts and keen interest in publishing this book in a very limited span of time. Any comment, criticism and suggestions from the readers for improving the book will be highly appreciated.

1. Fundamentals of Measurement………………………………………………………. 7
1.1. Aims of measurement
1.2. Functional elements of typical measurement system (block diagram and its explanation)
1.3. Standard measurements and types of calibration methods
1.4. Static characteristics (accuracy, precision, sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, reproducibility, drift, hysteresis, resolution, range, span, dead zone)
1.5. Dynamic characteristics: concepts, first and second order systems
1.5.1 Examples of first-order: Resistance thermometer and Thermal element
1.5.2 Examples of second order: U-tube manometer and seismic motion
1.6. Errors in measurement
Numerical Problems
2. Transducers ………………………………………………………………………………… 28
2.1. Classification of Transducers and its characteristics
2.2. Displacement Transducer
2.3. Resistive Type:
2.3.1 Linear and Angular (Rotary) Potentiometer
2.3.2 Strain Gauge: Bonded and Unbounded
2.4. Inductive Type: Self inductive: Variable number of turns,
2.5. Variable Reluctance Mutual Inductive: LVDT
2.6. Piezoelectric Type: Quartz Crystal
2.7. Force Transducer: Cantilever beam, Column type devices
Numerical Problems
3. Measurement of Pressure and Temperature………………………………….. 53
3.1. Unit of pressure, concept of vacuum; absolute, gauge, and differential pressure
3.2. Elastic transducer – diaphragm, corrugated diaphragm, bellows,
Bourdon tube

3.3. Electric type – strain gauge
3.4. Pressure transducer – calibration by dead weight tester method
3.5. Temperature Measurement
3.5.1 Scales for temperature: Celsius, Kelvin and Fahrenheit
3.5.2 Temperature Measurement Techniques
▪ Non-electrical: Liquid filled thermometer and
bimetallic thermometer
▪ Electrical Methods:
– Platinum Resistance Thermometer
– Thermistor: PTC and NTC with characteristics
– Thermocouple: Seebeck effect and Peltier effect
– Types of Thermocouple
Numerical Problems
Reference Books………………………………………………………………………………… 82