Electronic Semiconductor Devices
F.Y.B.Sc. SEM II EL-121
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ISBN:
Rs.55.00
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It is with great pleasure that we present this textbook, “EL–121: Electronic
Semiconductor Devices,” tailored specifically for the FYBSc students of Kavayitri
Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University Jalgaon, in accordance with the
National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. This book is designed to serve as a comprehensive
guide, offering a clear and thorough introduction to the fundamental principles and
applications of electronics.
Electronics has become an integral part of our daily lives and is the backbone of
modern technology. Understanding the core concepts of this field is essential for students
who aspire to pursue careers in electronics science, technology and related disciplines.
This textbook aims to provide a solid foundation in electronics, covering a broad spectrum
of topics that are crucial for students at the undergraduate level.
The content of this book has been meticulously structured to align with the syllabus
offered by Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon. It
includes detailed explanations of key concepts and illustrative examples designed to
reinforce the students’ understanding and application of the material. The book is divided
into four chapters that systematically introduce the fundamental concepts of electronics,
including circuit theory, analog and digital electronics circuits.
One of the guiding principles of NEP 2020 is to promote a more holistic and
multidisciplinary approach to education. In line with this vision, this textbook not only
focuses on theoretical knowledge but also emphasizes practical skills and real-world
applications. Students will find various problem-solving techniques that illustrate the
relevance of electronics in everyday life.
We offer our sincere thanks to Shri. Rangrao Patil of Prashant Publications, Jalgaon
for his keen interest in publishing this book. We are also thankful to Mr. Sunil Pandhre for
Typesetting and bringing out this book in time.
I hope that this book will serve as a valuable resource for students, educators, and
anyone interested in the field of electronics. The constructive suggestions from students
and faculty members for improving the quality of the book will be solicited.
.
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Chapter 1
Semiconductor Basics
1.1 Semiconductors……………………………………………………………….. 7
1.2 Types of Semiconductors…………………………………………………. 9
1.3 Majority and minority carriers…………………………………………. 14
1.4 Comparison between N-type and P-type semiconductors……. 15
1.5 Comparison between Intrinsic semiconductor and
Extrinsic semiconductor…………………………………………………. 15
Chapter 2
Semiconductor Diodes
2.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 18
2.2 Formation of p-n junction……………………………………………….. 18
2.3 Biasing of p-n junction…………………………………………………… 21
2.4 I-V characteristics of a p-n junction………………………………….. 22
2.5 Junction Breakdown………………………………………………………. 25
2.6 Zener diode…………………………………………………………………… 27
2.7 Equivalent circuit of a Zener diode…………………………………… 28
2.8 I-V Characteristics of a Zener diode…………………………………. 29
2.9 Light Emitting Diode (LED)……………………………………………. 30
Chapter 3
Diodes Circuits and Applications
3.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 36
3.2 Half wave rectifier…………………………………………………………. 36
3.3 Full wave rectifier………………………………………………………….. 39
3.4 Comparison of rectifiers………………………………………………….. 43
3.5 Capacitive Filter…………………………………………………………….. 43
3.6 Shunt/parallel capacitor filter…………………………………………… 44
3.7 Block diagram of power supply……………………………………….. 45 3.8 Zener diode as a voltage regulator …………………………………… 47
3.9 Three terminal regulated power supply using IC 7805………… 50
Chapter 4
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
4.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………….. 55
4.2 Construction………………………………………………………………….. 56
4.3 Operation of pnp transistor……………………………………………… 57
4.4 Operation of npn transistor……………………………………………… 58
4.5 Transistor Configurations………………………………………………… 59
4.6 Characteristics of common emitter configuration (CE)……….. 61
4.7 Relation between α and β………………………………………………… 64
4.8 DC load line and Q point………………………………………………… 64
4.9 Thermal runaway…………………………………………………………… 67
4.10 Stability factor……………………………………………………………….. 67
4.11 Need of biasing a transistor…………………………………………….. 68
4.12 Voltage divider bias method……………………………………………. 68
4.13 Comparison of CB, CE and CC configurations………………….. 70
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