1. Semiconductor Devices…………………………………………………………………… 7
1.1. Introduction to Diodes
1.2. Transistors: Symbol, Construction, and its types
1.3. Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT):
1.3.1. Operation of NPN Transistor
1.3.2. PNP Transistor (Diagram and Symbol only)
1.3.3. Transistor Circuit Configuration
1.3.4. Input and Output Characteristics of CE
1.3.5. Transistor Biasing
1.3.6. Applications:
1.4. Unijunction Transistor (UJT):
1.4.1. Symbol, Types, Construction, and Working
1.4.2. Application of UJT (states the list)
Numerical Problems
2. Operational Amplifiers ………………………………………………………………… 44
2.1. Introduction to OP-amp:
2.1.1. Symbol and Internal Block Diagram of an Op-amp,
2.1.2. Op-amp Parameters,
2.1.3. Pin configuration, feedback (meaning and name only) and operation.
2.1.4. Characteristics of an Ideal Op-amp (List only)
2.2. Concept of:
2.2.1. Virtual ground,
2.2.2. Real ground,
2.2.3. Difference between virtual and real ground.
2.3. Applications of Op-Amp:
2.3.1. Inverting Amplifier,
2.3.2. Non-Inverting Amplifier,
2.3.3. Op-Amp as an Adder,
2.3.4. Op-Amp as subtractors
Numerical Problems

3. Digital Electronics ……………………………………………………………………….. 66
3.1. Introduction to Analog and Digital Signals:
3.1.1. Logic Levels and
3.1.2. Digital Waveforms
3.2. Number System and Interconversion:
3.2.1. Binary,
3.2.2. Decimal,
3.2.3. Octal, and
3.2.4. Hexadecimal
3.3. Binary Arithmetic:
3.3.1. Addition
3.3.2. Subtraction (1’s and 2’s complement only)
3.4. Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates:
3.4.1. Basic Operations: AND, OR, NOT.
3.4.2. Truth Tables
3.4.3. Boolean Algebra Laws
3.4.4. Universal Gates (NAND, NOR, EXOR, EXNOR)
3.5 De Morgan Theorem (First and Second)
Numerical Problems
Reference Books………………………………………………………………………………. 103