BOT-311-MJ-T : Plants Utilization
1. Introduction to Plant Utilization................................................................9
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Concept and scope of economic botany
1.3 Historical background of plant utilization
1.4 Centres of origin and domestication of crop plants
1.5 Exercise
2. Cereals and Millets....................................................................................21
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Origin, morphology, and economic importance
2.3 Major cereals: Rice, Wheat, Maize, Barley, and Sorghum
2.4 Nutritional significance of millets
2.5 Exercise
3. Pulses and Oil Yielding Plants..................................................................38
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Importance of legumes in nutrition
3.3 Important Pulses
3.4 Edible oils and their significance
3.5 Exercise
4. Fruits, Vegetables and Spices...................................................................54
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Economic importance of selected fruits and vegetables
4.3 Spices and condiments: Cardamom, Black Pepper, Vanilla, Tamarind, Turmeric, Fennel, Fenugreek, Nutmeg
4.4 Post-harvest importance
4.5 Exercise
5. Nutraceutical and Functional Plants......................................................75
5.1 Introduction, Definition of nutraceuticals and functional foods
5.2 Difference between food and nutraceuticals, Concept of health-promoting plants
5.3 Nutraceutical Plants: Turmeric - anti-inflammatory activity; Amla - vitamin C source; Garlic – cardiovascular benefits; Ginger – digestive properties
5.4 Importance in Human Health
5.5 Exercise
6. Medicinal Plants........................................................................................89
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Importance Traditional and modern medicinal systems
6.3 Active Principles / Bioactive Compounds
6.4 Study of Selected Medicinal Plants
6.4.1 Azadirachta indica (Neem)
6.4.2 Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)
6.4.3 Rauvolfia serpentina (Sarpagandha)
6.5 Cultivation and Processing of medicinal plants
6.6 Exercise
7. Fibre, Latex and Timber Yielding Plants..............................................102
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Fibre Yielding Plants
7.2.1 Cotton
7.2.2 Jute
7.3 Latex Yielding Plants
7.3.1 Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis)
7.4 Timber Yielding Plants
7.5 Forest Products
7.6 Exercise
8. Sustainable Utilization of Plant Resources...........................................116
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Overexploitation of Plant Resources
8.3 Conservation of Plant Resources
8.4 Role of Plant Resources in Rural Economy
8.5 Sustainable Harvesting Practices of Plant Resources
8.6 Environmental and Social Importance of Plant Resources
8.7 Exercise
BOT-314-MJP : Practical based on BOT-311-MJ–T
Practical No. 1...........................................................................................123
Comparative morphological and economic analysis of selected cereals and millets w.r.t. external morphology, diagnostic characters, and economic significance of any two cereal and millet crops.
Practical No. 2...........................................................................................131
Investigation of Vegetative and Reproductive Morphology, Nutritional and Industrial Uses of Two Pulse Crops and Two Oil-Yielding Plants
Practical No. 3...........................................................................................150
Comparative Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Nutritional Components to Evaluate the Dietary Significance of Cereals and Millets Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Pennisetum glaucum
Practical No. 4...........................................................................................156
Functional Assessment of Nutraceutical Properties with Reference to Evaluation of Antioxidant and Therapeutic Properties of Plant Extracts of Curcuma longa, Phyllanthus emblica, Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale.
Practical No. 5...........................................................................................165
Phytochemical Screening and Bioactive Compound Analysis w.r.t. Qualitative Detection of Major Phytoconstituents such as Alkaloids, Glycosides, Tannins and Essential Oils of Medicinal Plants Azadirachta indica, Withania somnifera and Rauvolfia serpentina
Practical No. 6...........................................................................................168
Study of Fibre Morphology, Extraction Techniques, and Industrial Importance of Fibre Yielding Plants- Gossypium hirsutum, Corchorus capsularis, and Cocos nucifera.
Practical No. 7...........................................................................................173
Survey, Field-Based Documentation and Economic Assessment of Plant Resources –Ocimum tenuiflorum, Aloe vera, and Tinospora cordifolia in Field/Herbal Garden Conditions.
Practical No. 8...........................................................................................176
Processing and Quality Analysis of Latex and Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) with reference to Latex Extraction, Coagulation, Processing, and Product Evaluation.
Practical No. 9...........................................................................................179
Post-Harvest Handling and Value Addition w.r.t. Evaluation of Preservation Techniques and Value-Added Product Development of Fruits and Spices—Elettaria cardamomum, Piper nigrum, Curcuma longa, Foeniculum vulgare and Trigonella foenum-graecum
Practical No. 10.........................................................................................182
Sustainable Utilization and Conservation Assessment w.r.t. Conservation Strategies, Sustainable Harvesting, and Economic Importance of Plant Resources- Tectona grandis, Shorea robusta, and Azadirachta indica.
Practical No. 11..........................................................................................186
Evaluation of Timber and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) w.r.t. physical properties and uses of one timber specimen along with gums and resins of economic importance.
Practical No. 12.........................................................................................191
Visit to Herbal Garden / Natural Vegetation
