1. Introduction to Population Geography..............................9
A) Definition, Nature and Scope of Population Geography
B) History and Development of Population Geography
C) Importance of Population Studies in Geography
D) Approaches to the study of Population Geography
1. Systematic Approach
2. Behavioral Approach
3. Regional Approach
4. Institutional or System Approach
E) Types and Sources of Population Data
i) Primary data
ii) Secondary data
iii) Tertiary data
F) Methods and Sources of Population Data Collection
i) Primary data sources
a) Personal interview
b) Survey by questionnaire
ii) Secondary data sources
a) Census reports
b) Vital registrations
c) National sample survey
d) International publications
e) Demographic year book
f) Statistical year book
g) Journal published by World Health Organization
(Epidemiology and Vital records)
h) World bank report i) World bank report
G) Problems related to collection and utilization of Population Data
2. Population Density and Theories of Population......32
A) Definition, Importance and Types of Population Density
1. Arithmetic Density of Population
2. Agriculture Density of Population
3. Economic Density of Population 4.
Critical Density of Population
B) Population Theories:
(i) Malthusian Theory of Population Growth
a) Background
b) Logical reasoning in Malthusian theory
c) Statement of Malthus on population theory
d) Hypothesis in Malthus theory
e) Key points of Malthus’ theory- a) Why and how
population increases? b) Solution to growing
population
f) Modification of theory of Malthus
g) Importance of Malthus theory
h) Criticism / objection to malthus’ theory
(ii) Demographic Transition Model
1. Proposer of transition
2. Basic principles of transition model
3. Stages of transition -i) Pre-Transition Equilibrium . Stage ii) Transitional stage
4. Criticism on transition model
5. Importance of population transition model
3. Distribution of Population......................................................52
A) Distribution of Population in the World
B) Distribution of Population in India
(According to Census 2011).
C) Factors affecting the distribution of Population-
(i) Physical -
a) Topography i) Mountain region ii) Plateau region iii) Plain region
b) Climate
c) Soil
d) Water availability
e) Forest
ii) Cultural –
a) Religion
b) Agriculture
c) Transportation
d) Education
e) Government Policies
f) Economic development
4. Concept of Population and Population Policy...........67
A) Concept of Population
i) Under Population
ii) Optimum Population
iii) Over Population
B) Effect and Remedies of Under Population and Over
Population
C) National Population Policy of India – 2000
5. Fertility, Mortality and Migration....................................81
A) Fertility
i) Definitions
ii) Social and Cultural factors affecting fertility
iii) Types of fertility rate
a) Crude birth rate b) General fertility rate
c) Age specific fertility rate d) Total fertility rate
B) Mortality
i) Definition
ii) Measures of Mortality
a) Crude death rate b) Infant mortality
c) Levels and trends of mortality
C) Migration
i) Definition
ii) Types
iii) Causes and effect
iv) Brain drains
6. Population Structure and Characteristics...........99
A) Sex structure
B) Sex ratio in India, causes of decreasing sex ratio and its impact
C) Age structure (importance of age composition and
determinants of age structure, age pyramid and age groups.)
D) Marital status,
E) Literacy and educational attainment,
F) Religions in India (According to census 2011).

Reference Books........................................................................119