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The authors and publisher of this book have a great pleasure and satisfied to present this book, Major Core ZOO 101 (SEC) VERMICULTURE MANAGEMENT (T) Semester I for F.Y.B.Sc. Zoology...

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Vermiculture Management (T)
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The authors and publisher of this book have a great pleasure and satisfied to present this book, Major Core ZOO 101 (SEC) VERMICULTURE MANAGEMENT (T) Semester I for F.Y.B.Sc. Zoology students. The book has been written as per the new revised syllabus B. Sc. Zoology Major (03 years) / B. Sc. Honours in Zoology (04 years) for the Colleges Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune to be implemented from June 2024.
The main aim in writing this book is to provide basic information of the subject, to enhance the skill of the students, to cater the needs of the subject as per National Education Policy (NEP), 2020. We tried to explain the concepts and information in a simple lucid language so that students could understand it easily.

1. Chapter.................................................7
Introduction To Vermiculture
1.1 Definition, history and its importance in maintenance of soil structure.
1.2 Role of vermiculture in four R’s of recycling (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Restore).
1.3 The matter and humus cycle (product, qualities) of earthworm.
1.4 Transformation process in organic matter.

2. Chapter...............................................................22
Types of Earthworms
2.1 Types of earthworms - Epigeic, Endogeic and Anecic.
2.2 Indigenous species of earthworms.
2.3 Exotic species of earthworms.
2.4 Useful species of earthworm: Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae, Lumbricus rubellus, Perionyx excavatus etc.

3. Chapter.................................................................32
Biology of Earthworm (Eisenia foetida or Eudrilus eugeniae)
3.1 Enemies of honey bee : Wax moth, Wax beetle, Wasps, Ants, Birds (Green bee eater, King crow), Amphibians and Mammals.
3.2 Bee diseases : Protozoan (Nosema), Bacterial (American foul brood), Viral (Sac brood), Fungal (Chalk brood).
3.3 Control and preventive measures of Bee diseases.

4. Chapter...............................................................63
Vermicomposting
4.1 Small scale earthworm farming for house gardens.
4.2 Conventional commercial composting / Large scale earthworm farming -Pit system, Heap system, Brick system, Kadapa slab method.
4.3 Earthworm - Feeding and Maintenance.
4.4 Vermicompost harvest, processing, and packaging.
4.5 Vermi-wash preparation, composition, collection & uses.

5. Chapter....................................................79
Enemies and Diseases of Earthworms
5.1 Enemies of Earthworm – Ants, Birds, Rats, Snakes, Toads.
5.2 Diseases of Earthworm – Bacterial, Protozoan, Fungal.

6. Chapter................................................................84
Economic Importance and Marketing
6.1 Economic importance of earthworms, vermicompost and vermiwash.
6.2 Vermicompost as business / marketing of Vermicompost, Employment opportunities.

Annexure..................................................................90
Questions with Solutions
Glossary

References..............................................102

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