BOT-302-MJ-T : Advanced Plant Physiology
1. Photosynthesis....................................................9
1.1 Introduction and Definition
1.2 Structure and Organization of Chloroplast
1.3 Photosynthetic pigment and their role
1.4 Photosystem I and II
1.5 Light reaction:
A) Electron transport Chain (ETS)
B) Photophosphorylation: Cyclic and non-cyclic
1.6 Dark reaction (Photosynthetic Carbon Reduction)
A) C3 pathway
B) C4 pathway
C) CAM pathway
1.7 Photorespiration (C2 cycle)
1.8 Significance of photosynthesis
1.9 Exercise

2. Respiration................................................................40
2.1 Introduction and Definition
2.2 Types of Respiration
A) Aerobic respiration
B) Anaerobic respiration
2.3 Mechanism of Aerobic Respiration
A) Glycolysis
B) TCA cycle
C) Terminal oxidation/Electron Transport Chain
2.4 Oxidative phosphorylation (Chemi-osmotic hypothesis)
2.5 Pentose Phosphate Pathway
2.6 Significance of Respiration
2.7 Exercise
3.1 Introduction and Definition
3.2 Components of Phloem
3.3 Evidences for Phloem Transport
3.4 Mechanism of Translocation
A) Pressure flow theory (Munch hypothesis)
B) Diffusion theory
3.5 Loading and Unloading of Phloem
3.6 Source-Sink Relationship
3.7 Exercise

4. Growth and Development.............................................72
4.1 Introduction and definition
4.2 Grand period of growth and Phases of growth
4.3 Methods of growth measurement
4.4. Factors affecting Growth
A) External factors
i. Climatic factors: Temperature, Light, Humidity,
Wind, Water, Atmospheric gases
ii.. Edaphic factors
iii.. Biological factors
B) Internal factors
i. Genetic factor
ii. Nutritional factors
iii. Hormonal factors
4.5 Exercise

5. Plant Movements........................................................92
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Classification of Plant Movements
5.3 Paratonic Growth Movements:
A) Phototropism
B). Geotropism
C). Hydrotropism
D). Chemotropism
E). Thigmotropism
5.4 Nastic Movements:
I) Nyctinastic
II) Seismonastic
5.4 Exercise.

6. Seed Dormancy and Germination.............................104
6.1 Introduction and definition of seed dormancy
6.2 Types of seed dormancy
I) Physical dormancy
II) Morphological dormancy
III) Physiological dormancy
6.3 Causes of Seed dormancy
6.4 Methods to break seed dormancy
6.5 Metabolic changes during seed germination
6.6 Vigor Index
6.7 Exercise

7. Nitrogen Metabolism.................................................119
7.1 Introduction and definition
7.2 Nitrogen cycle
A) Introduction
B) Nitrogen fixation
C) Nitrification
D) Assimilation of nitrate and nitrite
E) Ammonification
F) Denitrification
7.3 Synthesis of Amino acids
I) Trans-amination
II) Reductive amination
7.4 Exercise


BOT-305-MJP : Practical based on BOT-302-MJ-T
Practical No. 1...................................................................133
Estimation of chlorophyll a and b by Spectrophotometry.

Practical No. 2....................................................................135
Separation of photosynthetic pigment by Paper / Thin Layer chromatography

Practical No. 3..................................................................140
To determine diurnal fluctuation in TAN values of CAM plants

Practical No. 4...............................................................143
Comparison of the rate of respiration in any two parts of a plant

Practical No. 5.................................................................145
Demonstration of -A. Ringing Experiment B. Respiration in Roots C. Nitrogen rich biofertilizers. D. Arc indicator E. Cytokinins delay of senescence F. Nyctinastic movement in plant (in Mimosa)

Practical No. 6................................................................153
Study of seed priming treatments to break seed dormancy and enhance the rate of seed germination.

Practical No. 7.................................................................155
Calculate seed germination percentage and vigor index in any suitable plant material.